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On April 11, 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020). According to the plan, the goal of structural adjustment of planting industry is "two guarantees, three stability and two coordination". "Two guarantees", that is, to protect rations and cereals. By 2020, the grain area will be stable at about 1.65 billion mu, of which the area of rice and wheat varieties will be stable at 800 million mu and that of grain will be stable at 1.4 billion mu. "Three stability" means stabilizing the self-sufficiency level of cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar. By 2020, efforts will be made to stabilize the cotton area at about 50 million mu, the oil area at about 200 million mu and the sugar area at about 24 million mu. "Two coordination", that is, coordinated development of vegetable production and demand, and coordinated development of forage production and animal husbandry.

By 2020, the vegetable area will be stable at 320 million mu and the forage area will reach 95 million mu. Considering the natural and ecological conditions, the present situation of production development and the potential of structural adjustment, the structural adjustment plan of planting industry also clarifies the adjustment focus and direction of the main grain crops and cash crops in the six major planting areas of Northeast China, Huanghuaihai, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, South China, Southwest China and Northwest China.
Agriculture is the foundation of Xingguo and Anbang. Agricultural equipment is an important carrier of agricultural modernization. As an important part of agriculture, the change of main crop varieties, planting area, yield and benefit will inevitably affect the development of agricultural machinery industry.
Since the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, China's agricultural production capacity has steadily improved, with grain output exceeding 550 million tons for five consecutive years and comprehensive production capacity exceeding 550 million tons. At the same time, horticultural crops such as fruit, vegetable and tea have developed steadily, and the yield of industrial raw materials such as cotton, oil and sugar has been further improved. A number of production bases of grain, cotton, oil, sugar and other important agricultural products have been built, and the production bases of "rice bags" and "vegetable baskets" have been continuously consolidated.
Agricultural basic conditions continued to improve. The effective irrigation area of farmland has reached 986 million mu, accounting for 54.7% of the total cultivated land area, and the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water has reached 0.52. A number of new high-standard farmland with drought and flood harvest has been built, and the quality of cultivated land has been improved. The level of scientific and technological support has increased significantly, with the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress exceeding 56%, and the main crops, especially the improved varieties of grain crops, have basically achieved full coverage; the total power of agricultural machinery has reached 1.1 billion kilowatts, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of the main crop cultivation has reached 63%. With the continuous improvement of intensive production, the transfer area of contracted farmland has reached 403 million mu, accounting for 30.4% of the household contracted farmland area; 128.88 million professional farmers'cooperatives, 36% of the total number of households in the country; and 30% of the total control coverage of major crop diseases and pests has been achieved.
The dominant zones of main products were preliminarily formed, with wheat as the focus, rice as the northeast and the Yangtze River basin as the focus, maize as the northeast and the Huanghuai Sea as the focus, soybean as the north-east and the south of the Huanghuai Sea as the focus, cotton as the focus, rape as the focus, sugar as the focus, Guangxi and Yunnan as the form. It has become a group of dominant industrial belts of agricultural products with distinct characteristics and centralized distribution.
Emphasis is often absent, the missing is the rising space. What impact will the national planting adjustment plan bring to the development of agricultural machinery industry in the future? Therefore, the author is not talented, from a narrow and shallow perspective to analyze, in the next five years, the development of agricultural machinery in China will be extended to the focus of "three modernizations".

The adjustment of cropping structure in China focuses on nine major crops, including rice, maize, wheat, potato, cotton, rape, peanut, soybean and sugarcane. The main direction of the adjustment is to upgrade the mechanization level of the production of major grain crops and break through the bottleneck of the mechanization of the production of major cash crops. The whole process of mechanization of each main crop production.
Compared with the requirements of modern agricultural development, there are still many shortcomings in the development of Agricultural Mechanization in China, which need to be solved urgently. From the crop point of view, although wheat production has basically realized mechanization of cultivation and harvest, the comprehensive mechanization level of other crops is still low; from the link point of view, although the mechanization level of tillage and land preparation is relatively high, the mechanization level of sowing, plant protection, harvesting, drying and straw treatment of some crops is still lagging behind. Regionally, although the equipment level and agricultural machinery operation level in Northeast and North China are relatively high, other regions are relatively backward. In the past few years, the development of Agricultural Mechanization in China has mainly solved the problem of insufficient mechanical quantity and power of wheat, rice, corn and other three major grain crops. In the future, the main focus of Agricultural Mechanization in China should be on the full development of mechanized production of nine major crops. Therefore, China's agricultural mechanization has developed to a critical period of transformation and upgrading from "weight" to "quality". If these problems are not solved, the development of agricultural mechanization and modern agriculture in China will inevitably be hampered, which will also affect China's overall economic and social construction.
Broad sense of "full mechanization" covers seed production, arable land, sowing, plant protection, irrigation, harvesting, transportation, drying, straw treatment and other links. The publication of the National Planting for Planting Structure Adjustment will help to accelerate the development of the main crop production towards full mechanization, give full play to the important role of integrated technology of agricultural machinery, cost-saving and efficiency-increasing, and promote large-scale operation, improve the efficiency of agricultural production, reduce production costs, promote the transformation of agricultural development mode, and crack down on me. China's agricultural production is facing the problem of "who will plant the land, how to plant the land", so as to continuously improve the comprehensive production capacity and market competitiveness of agriculture.

At present, the overall level of Agricultural Mechanization in China is not high, and the "pain points" of industry development are mainly manifested in the following aspects: outstanding structural contradictions, coexistence of structural surplus and insufficient effective supply of agricultural machinery products, and unbalanced development, such as high level of mechanization in farming links, low level of mechanization in harvesting links, high level of mechanization in grain crops and economy. The level of crop mechanization is low.
The realization of full mechanization of agricultural production is the most important goal orientation of agricultural machinery industry. To achieve this goal, China should strive to break through the bottlenecks of rape, cotton, sugarcane and other operations, further improve the level of rice transplanting and maize harvesting, realize the mechanization development from grain crops to cash crops, from field agriculture to facility agricultural mechanization, and from planting industry to post-processing and processing industry of agricultural products. Regional development extends from mid-partum to pre-partum and post-partum. Only by speeding up the process of agricultural mechanization, realizing the all-round mechanization of agriculture and paying attention to the diversified development of planting industry structure can we ensure the rapid development of agriculture and agricultural machinery in China.

According to statistics, the labor cost of cotton in China accounted for 64.25% in 2013, while that of the United States was only 6.26%. The labor cost of rice, maize and peanut in China accounted for more than 40%, wheat and soybean accounted for more than 30%, while that of the United States was less than 10%, of which corn and soybean accounted for less than 5%. The market competitiveness of agricultural products in China is not strong. One important reason is that the low level of mechanization results in high labor costs, higher production costs and lower comparative benefits. It is urgent to improve the level of mechanization of crop production to save costs and increase efficiency.
At present, the era of quality and brand competition in agricultural machinery industry has officially come, and the agricultural machinery industry in the adjustment period has begun to rethink "technology upgrading". There is still a big gap between China's agricultural machinery manufacturing technology and equipment level and that of developed countries. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China's agricultural machinery enterprises increased the transformation of manufacturing equipment to support the smooth and rapid development of agricultural machinery industry. Advanced manufacturing methods, such as digital manufacturing, laser processing and robotic welding, have reformed the traditional manufacturing process and improved the manufacturing level and reliability of products.
As one of the ten key areas of "Made in China 2025", agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing industry should take "Made in China 2025" as an opportunity to realize the goal of automation, intellectualization and specialization of agricultural production, and to develop advanced, applicable, low emission, low pollution, high energy efficiency and high efficiency environmental protection agricultural machinery products. Products as carriers, to enhance the level of modern agricultural production, promote the upgrading of agricultural equipment industry, and to become a powerful country in agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing.
There is still a certain gap between China's agricultural mechanization and the developed countries in the world. The gap represents the direction of efforts! Planting for crop structure adjustment conforms to the demand of agricultural supply-side reform, but also points out the direction for the development of China's agricultural machinery industry. Reverse development of agricultural machinery industry can also promote the development of agricultural supply-side reform. Planting for structural adjustment of planting industry provides a new direction for the upgrade of China's agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing.

Source: Soil drift network